Spirometry and respiratory oscillometry: Feasibility and concordance in schoolchildren with asthma

Producción CientíficaObjective:The purpose of this study was to describe the feasibility of respiratory oscillometry (RO) in schoolchildren with asthma, and the concordance of its results with those of spirometry, to determine its clinical usefulness. Methods:RO and spirometry were performed in 154 children (6 to 14-year-old) with asthma, following strict quality criteria for the tests. Their feasibility (probability of valid test, time of execution, number of maneuvers needed to achieve a valid test, and perceived difficulty) was compared. The factors that influence feasibility were analyzed with multivariate methods. FEV1, FEV1/FVC, FVC and FEF25-75 for spirometry, and R5, AX and R5-19 for RO, were converted into z-scores and their concordance was investigated through intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and kappa indices for normal/abnormal values. Results:There were no differences in the probability of obtaining a valid RO or spirometry (83.1% vs. 81.8%, p = 0.868). RO required a lower number of maneuvers [mean (SD) 4.2 (1.8) versus 6.0 (1.6), p < 0.001] and less execution time [5.1 (2.7) versus 7.6 (2.4) minutes, p < 0.001], and patients considered it less difficult. Age increased the probability of obtaining valid RO and spirometry. The concordance of results between RO and spirometry was low, and only between zFEV1 and zAX could it be considered moderate (ICC = 0.412, kappa = 0.427). Conclusion:RO and spirometry are feasible in children with asthma. RO has some practical advantages, but the concordance of its results with spirometry is low.Junta de Castilla y León (Gerencia Regional de Salud - Grant/Award Number: 2191/A/2020

Obesidad infantil: opiniones y actitudes de los pediatras Childhood obesity: pediatricians' attitudes and opinions

Objetivos: Identificar las actitudes y opiniones de los pediatras respecto al tratamiento, la prevención y la organización asistencial de la obesidad, identificar las barreras que encuentran en el tratamiento de la obesidad y las herramientas que creen más útiles para prestar una atención más efectiva. Métodos: Encuesta postal a los pediatras de atención primaria de Castilla y León, explorando la necesidad de acción frente a la obesidad, la utilidad de medidas terapéuticas y estrategias preventivas, las barreras que obstaculizan el tratamiento, las herramientas útiles para el pediatra, la eficacia propia en el tratamiento de la obesidad y la utilidad de incorporar la obesidad a la cartera de servicios. Resultados: Se consideró la obesidad como un problema de salud importante que necesita una actuación por parte de los pediatras. Esta disposición a la acción era menor entre quienes manifestaron más barreras personales. Las barreras más frecuentes procedían del medio social: disponibilidad y publicidad de determinados alimentos y bebidas, dificultades en involucrar a los padres en el tratamiento, ausencia de percepción del problema por el niño y los padres. La herramienta mejor considerada fue la formación del personal sanitario. Los pediatras se consideraban algo o poco eficaces en el tratamiento de la obesidad. La efectividad de un servicio de atención a la obesidad en atención primaria pareció ligeramente superada por la carga de trabajo que requeriría. Conclusiones: Pese a su alta disposición a la acción frente a la obesidad, los pediatras se sienten limitados debido a las barreras que encuentran, sobre todo de tipo social o cultural, y demandan más formación como una herramienta frente a la epidemia de obesidad infantil.<br>Objectives: To identify the Spanish pediatricians' opinions and attitudes towards obesity, in relation with its treatment, prevention, and care organization, barriers they find in its treatment, and to know the tools they consider more useful to have for the management of obese children. Methods: Mail survey posted to the primary care pediatricians of Castilla-León (Spain) exploring: willingness to act against obesity, utility of therapies and preventive strategies, barriers found in treating obese patients, most needed tools for treating obesity, autoefficacy, and support to an obese children management programme in primary care. Results: There was a broad consensus in seeing obesity as an important health problem that demands action from pediatricians. This willingness to action decreased when bigger personal barriers were found. The most frequently encountered barriers came from the social milieu: easy access and advertisement of certain foods and beverages, lack of implication of parents, lack of perception of a weight problem in children and parents. Training was the most trusted tool. Pediatricians considered themselves as some or low efficacious in treating obesity. The effectiveness of an obese children management program in primary care was surpassed by the work it would need. Conclusions: In spite of their high willingness to act against obesity, pediatricians feel themselves limited because they find barriers mainly from the social and cultural milieus. They ask for training to fight pediatric obesity

Heterogeneidad de criterios en el diagnóstico de bronquiolitis aguda en España.

Acute viral bronchiolitis (AB) is one of the most common respiratory diseases in infants. However, diagnostic criteria for AB are heterogeneous and not very well known. To identify the diagnostic criteria for AB used by experts and clinical paediatricians in Spain. Delphi study with Spanish AB experts, looking for the points of agreement about AB diagnosis. A subsequent cross-sectional study was conducted by means of an on-line questionnaire addressed to all Spanish paediatricians, reached through electronic mail messages sent by nine paediatric scientific societies. Descriptive and factorial analyses were carried out, looking for any association of diagnostic criteria with demographic or geographic variables, or with paediatric subspecialty. Agreement was reached by 40 experts in many issues (first episode of respiratory distress and high respiratory frequency, diagnosis in any season of the year, and usefulness of virus identification in making diagnosis), but opposite views were maintained on key characteristics such as the maximum age for diagnosis. The on-line questionnaire was completed by 1297 paediatricians. Their diagnostic criteria were heterogeneous and strongly associated with their paediatric sub-specialty. Their agreement with the Spanish expert consensus and with international standards was very poor. Diagnostic criteria for AB in Spain are heterogeneous. These differences could cause variability in clinical practice with AB patients